{"id":3192,"date":"2020-07-26T09:15:21","date_gmt":"2020-07-26T07:15:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trabucaire.free.fr\/?p=3192"},"modified":"2026-08-02T20:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T18:34:16","slug":"coder-un-message","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trabucaire.pages-perso.free.fr\/index.php\/maths-pour-travailler\/coder-un-message\/","title":{"rendered":"XVI\u00b0\/ Coder un message :"},"content":{"rendered":"

De tout temps les hommes ont cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger leurs messages des yeux indiscrets. Pour cela ils ont redoubl\u00e9 d’imagination pour chiffrer leurs messages.<\/p>\r\n

I\u00b0\/ Programme SCRATCH :<\/a><\/strong>
II\u00b0\/ Historique :<\/a>
<\/strong>III\u00b0\/ \u00c9criture Betamaze :<\/a>
<\/strong>IV\u00b0\/ Quadrillage carr\u00e9 :<\/a>
<\/strong>V\u00b0\/ Code alphab\u00e9tique de Conway :<\/strong><\/a>
VI\u00b0\/ Code de C\u00e9sar affine\u00a0:<\/a>
<\/strong>VII\/ Les grilles tournantes du colonel Fleissner :<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

<\/a>I\u00b0\/ Programme SCRATCH :<\/span><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\r\n\r\n

Voici un programme Scratch pour s’amuser \u00e0 coder et d\u00e9coder.<\/p>\r\n

Exemple :<\/span> codons Le petit Poucet<\/strong> (le mot de passe est entre les parenth\u00e8ses).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Texte clair<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0L\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0E\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0P\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0E\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0T\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0I\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0T\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0P\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0O\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0U\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0C\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0E\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n\u00a0T\u00a0<\/span><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
C\u00e9sar (5)<\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Atbash<\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Alphabet d\u00e9sordon\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Mot-clef (mathweb)<\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Quadrillage<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Code d’Alberti<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Vigenere (mathadore)<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
C\u00e9sar affine (35)<\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Sym\u00e9trie (stpaul)<\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

<\/a>II\u00b0\/ Historique :
<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Voici un floril\u00e8ge des m\u00e9thodes de chiffrement les plus connues.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Codage<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\r\nDate<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\r\nM\u00e9thode<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\r\nAvantages<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\r\nInconv\u00e9nients<\/strong><\/span><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n
Antiquit\u00e9<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\nAntiquit\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\r\n– Xerx\u00e8s veut envahir la Gr\u00e8ce, il rase la t\u00eate d’un esclave, \u00e9crit le message sur le cr\u00e2ne et laisse repousser les cheveux.<\/span>
– Avaler le message \u00e9crit sur un tissu en soie enrob\u00e9 de cire.<\/span>
– \u00c9crire le message sur le bois d’une tablette de cire, puis la recouvrir de cire.<\/span><\/td>\r\n		Le message est cach\u00e9 et les moyens sont simples et nombreux.<\/span><\/td>\r\nLe message est en clair.<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
La scytale spartiate<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\nVi\u00e8me Avt JC<\/span><\/td>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\"\"<\/span><\/td>\r\nOn entoure une lani\u00e8re de cuir autour d’un b\u00e2ton, puis on \u00e9crit son message dans le sens de la longueur du b\u00e2ton. On compl\u00e8te \u00e9ventuellement avec des lettres au hasard pour remplir toute la lani\u00e8re.\u00a0 Le destinataire devra avoir un b\u00e2ton du m\u00eame diam\u00e8tre.<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/td>\r\nUne fois la lani\u00e8re d\u00e9roul\u00e9e le message est illisible et elle peut servir de ceinture et \u00eatre ainsi compl\u00e8tement anodine.<\/span><\/td>\r\nLa protection n’est pas bien grande si on connait le proc\u00e9d\u00e9.<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Le chiffre Atbash<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\nLes h\u00e9breux d\u00e8s 500 av. JC<\/span><\/td>\r\nIl consiste simplement \u00e0 \u00e9crire l’alphabet en sens contraire.<\/span>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Texte clair<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Texte cod\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

LEPETITPOUCET = OVKVGRGKLFXVG<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n

Le message est crypt\u00e9 et peu de gens savent lire.<\/span><\/td>\r\nUne fois la m\u00e9thode connue, le message est clair. Or, certaines lettres sont plus fr\u00e9quentes que d’autres dans une langue, donc une simple analyse fr\u00e9quentielle permet de casser le code. En Fran\u00e7ais le E est tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9sent, donc la lettre la plus fr\u00e9quente du message est certainement le E.<\/span>
Par exemple au Scrabble, certaines lettres valent plus de points que d\u2019autres. Le Z vaut 10 points en France mais seulement 3 en Allemagne.<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Le code de C\u00e9sar<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\nEntre Ier et IX IX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle.<\/span>
Et m\u00eame par l\u2019arm\u00e9e Russe en 1915<\/span><\/td>\r\n		Les lettres sont simplement d\u00e9cal\u00e9es d’un nombre donn\u00e9. Ici le 5.<\/span>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Texte clair<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Texte cod\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

LEPETITPOUCET = QJUJYNYUTZHJY<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n

Un mot-clef<\/span><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/td>\r\nPrenons un mot-cl\u00e9 facile \u00e0 retenir, mettons MATHWEB, et de compl\u00e9ter ensuite le tableau par ordre alphab\u00e9tique. Ceci donne ici :<\/span>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Texte clair<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Texte cod\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

LEPETITPOUCET = IWNWRDRNLSTWR<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n

Seul le destinataire connait le<\/span>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

mot-clef.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n

Poly-alphab\u00e9tique : le code d\u2019Alberti<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\n1404-1472 Alberti & Abb\u00e9 Jean Triqueme<\/span><\/td>\r\nIl faut cr\u00e9er une grille. L\u2019alphabet sur la 1i\u00e8re<\/sup> ligne, puis on d\u00e9cale d\u2019une lettre par ligne. Le message \u00e0 coder est sur la colonne rouge et on rep\u00e8re sa correspondance sur la ligne bleue. Ainsi, le (L <\/span>; L<\/span>) = L<\/span> et le (E<\/span> ; E<\/span>) = F<\/span><\/span>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nA<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
L<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
E<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
P<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
E<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
T<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
I<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
T<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
P<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
O<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
U<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
C<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
E<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
T<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

LEPETITPOUCET = LFRHXNZWWDMPF<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n

La m\u00eame lettre peut \u00eatre cod\u00e9e par diff\u00e9rentes lettres et inversement une lettre du message peut avoir plusieurs significations.<\/span><\/td>\r\nSi on connait la m\u00e9thode, cela devient un jeu d\u2019enfant.<\/span>
Le plus gros inconv\u00e9nient c\u2019est que l\u2019abb\u00e9 Triqueme a publi\u00e9 un livre sur sa m\u00e9thode !!!<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Poly-alphab\u00e9tique avec une clef : le code de Vigenere<\/a><\/span><\/td>\r\nBlaise de Vigenere 1523-1596 pendant 400 ans<\/span><\/td>\r\nM\u00eame chose que le code d\u2019Alberti mais avec une clef.<\/span>\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Texte clair<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
La clef<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cod\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

C\u2019est le couple lettre-clef<\/span> et lettre-message<\/span> qui code pour la lettre-code<\/span>.<\/span>
Ainsi, le (L<\/span> ; M)<\/span> = X<\/span> et le (E<\/span> ; A<\/span>) = E<\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
A<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
B<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
C<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
D<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
E<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
F<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
G<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
H<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
I<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
J<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
K<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
L<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
M<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
N<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
O<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
P<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Q<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
R<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
S<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
T<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
U<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
V<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
W<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
X<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Y<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Z<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nZ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nA<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nB<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nC<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nD<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nE<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nG<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nH<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nI<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nJ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nK<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nL<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nM<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nN<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nO<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nP<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nQ<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nR<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nS<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nT<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nU<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nV<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nW<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nX<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\nY<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

LEPETITPOUCET = XEILTLHGSGCXA<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n

C\u2019est la m\u00eame chose que le code d\u2019Alberti mais avec une clef. L\u2019 analyse fr\u00e9quentielle ne sert plus \u00e0 rien car la m\u00eame lettre peut \u00eatre cod\u00e9e par diff\u00e9rentes lettres et inversement une lettre du message peut avoir plusieurs significations.<\/span><\/td>\r\nCharles Babage (1805-1881) casse le code de Vigenere.<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Machine Enigma<\/span><\/td>\r\n1945<\/span><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/td>\r\n1016<\/sup> combinaison possibles.<\/span><\/td>\r\nCode cass\u00e9 par Alan turing. Le principal inconv\u00e9nient \u00e9tait qu\u2019une lettre ne pouvait pas \u00eatre cod\u00e9e par elle-m\u00eame.<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

Un site consacr\u00e9 au chiffrement. Gigantesque avec des outils automatiques : https:\/\/www.apprendre-en-ligne.net\/crypto\/index.html <\/a>et sa section historique<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

<\/a>III\u00b0\/ \u00c9criture Betamaze :<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Il existe beaucoup de fa\u00e7on de coder un message et certaines sont jolies et ludiques \u00e0 d\u00e9faut d’\u00eatre performantes.<\/p>\r\n

On peut par exemple utiliser la police d’\u00e9criture Betamaze, qui est tr\u00e8s originale. On peut l’installer sur son ordinateur et l’utiliser dans Word par exemple (T\u00e9l\u00e9charger la police<\/a>).<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/p>\r\n

<\/a>IV\u00b0\/ Quadrillage carr\u00e9 :<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Une autre fa\u00e7on tr\u00e8s simple de coder un message, avec un quadrillage carr\u00e9 :<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\"\"<\/td>\r\nIl faut \u00e9crire le message s\u00fbr dans un quadrillage carr\u00e9 capable de contenir tout le message (compter les symboles, puis calculer la racine carr\u00e9e de ce nombre. Le carr\u00e9 aura cette racine comme c\u00f4t\u00e9).
\u00c9crire le message dans cette matrice en commen\u00e7ant par la case en haut \u00e0 gauche puis en descendant.
Lire le message cod\u00e9 en commen\u00e7ant toujours par la case en haut \u00e0 gauche puis en continuant vers la droite.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n

<\/a>V\u00b0\/ Code alphab\u00e9tique de Conway :<\/span><\/h2>\r\n

Vous connaissez certainement le jeu de la vie<\/a> de Conway. Et pour construire un code de chiffrement, il suffit de dessiner une lettre de l\u2019alphabet, G par exemple, et de lancer le jeu. On r\u00e9cup\u00e8re la 3i\u00e8me \u00e9volution que l\u2019on simplifie et qui sera notre lettre cod\u00e9e.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
La lettre G de d\u00e9part<\/td>\r\n1i\u00e8re<\/sup> \u00e9volution\u00a0<\/td>\r\n2i\u00e8me<\/sup> \u00e9volution<\/td>\r\n3i\u00e8me<\/sup> \u00e9volution d\u00e9finitive<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\"\"<\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

Voici tous les symboles : Ecriture\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Lettres normales<\/td>\r\n\"\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
3i\u00e8me<\/sup> \u00e9volution du jeu de la vie<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ecriture simplifi\u00e9e = code<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lettres normales<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
3i\u00e8me<\/sup> \u00e9volution du jeu de la vie<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ecriture simplifi\u00e9e = code<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lettres normales<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
3i\u00e8me<\/sup> \u00e9volution du jeu de la vie<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ecriture simplifi\u00e9e = code<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

Un exemple :<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\"\"<\/td>\r\nA ‘live’ cell dies if it has more than 3 live neighbors, or less than 2. A ‘dead’ cell is repopulated if it has exactly 3 live neighbors.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

<\/a>VI\u00b0\/ Code de C\u00e9sar affine\u00a0<\/span>:<\/h2>\r\n

Au lieu de passer d\u2019une lettre \u00e0 une autre en additionnant un nombre entier, on multiplie par un nombre a puis on additionne par un autre nombre b. Pour jouer avec ce code allez voir le programme SCRATCH<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

Le cryptage est facile. Il suffit de fabriquer un tableau de chiffrement o\u00f9 la position de chaque lettre \u00e0 coder est multipli\u00e9e par le premier nombre a puis on additionne le nombre b. Soit x le rang de la lettre \u00e0 coder, le rang y de la lettre cod\u00e9e sera donn\u00e9e par la formule : y = ax + b.<\/p>\r\n